Study of bacterial and fungal infection of UTi patients in Sabratha and Jemil region

Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) represent a predominant category of bacterial infections. It is estimated that urinary tract infection symptoms result in approximately seven million medical consultations annually, comprising one million outpatient clinic visits, one hundred thousand emergency department engagements, and numerous hospital admissions.

Objectives: the aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of bacterial pathogens in Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) across distinct age demographics and gender classifications among individuals in the study area, in addition to examining the effectiveness of the antibiotics prescribed.

Methods: The current investigation was carried out involving (662) participants from September 2022 to March 2023. The specimens were obtained from patients diagnosed with urinary tract infections (UTIs) (n= 662), comprising (450) females and (212) males, who were documented in this study. The cohort was categorized into (7) distinct age classifications. An aggregate of 827 cultures of urine samples was analyzed concerning 25 antibiotics targeting 7 different bacterial genera.

Results: Escherichia coli demonstrated the highest infection prevalence (22.43%) within the (11-20) age demographic, whereas the lowest recorded infection rate (8.37%) was observed in the (0-10) age category. The most significant infection rates among male and female subjects were (22.02%) and (22.73%) respectively, both within the (11-20) age range. Staphylococcus species exhibited the highest infection prevalence (22.03%) in the (11-20) age cohort, while the minimal infection rate (9.32%) was documented in the population over 60 years of age. Among males and females, the infection rates were recorded at (21.43%) and (27.08%) in the (0-10) and (11-20) age groups, respectively. Actinomyces species exhibited the highest infection prevalence (23.73%) in the (11-20) age category, contrasting with the lowest recorded infection rate (3.39%) in individuals over 61 years old. The highest rates among males and females were noted at (21.95%) and (32.47%) within the (11-20), (41-50), and (51-60) age cohorts, respectively. Streptococcus species reported the highest infection prevalence (29.76%) in the (21-30) age group, while the lowest infection rate (1.19%) was recorded in those aged over 61. The highest infection rates for males and females were noted at (35.71%) and (28.57%) in the (21-30) age group. Klebsiella species exhibited the highest infection rate (34.04%) in the (31-40) age group, while no infections were recorded (0.0%) in the age categories (0-10), (11-20), and those over 61 years. The infection rates for males and females were documented at (55.55%) and (31.76%) respectively in the (31-40) age group. Candida species presented the highest infection prevalence (51%) in the (21-30) age category, contrasting with the absence of recorded infections (0%) in both the (0-10) and (>61) age groups, with no infections observed among male subjects. IMIPENEM exhibited the most pronounced effective antagonism against all evaluated bacterial cultures, documenting a total of 71 response cultures. The bacterium that demonstrated the highest susceptibility to IMIPENEM was E. coli 40 (56.3%), succeeded by GENTAMYCIN, which recorded 38 cultures, whereas ERYTHROMYCIN displayed the least effective antagonism among all assessed bacterial cultures.