Effect of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaf Aqueous Extract on seed Germination and seedling Growth of Cucumber (Cucumis satvus L)

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf aqueous extract on the germination of cucumber seeds (Cucumis sativus) and to analyze the interaction between extract concentrations and soaking durations. The extract was prepared at different concentrations (0%, 5%, 15%, 30%, 60%), and seeds were soaked for 4 and 8 hours. The results demonstrated that both the extract concentration and soaking duration had a statistically significant effect on the germination percentage, germination rate, and the lengths of the radicle and plumule. It was observed that low concentrations (5% and 15%) combined with moderate soaking durations significantly enhanced the germination rate, radicle, and plumule length. In contrast, higher concentrations (30% and 60%) significantly inhibited seed growth. The interaction analysis revealed that the effect of the extract concentration was dependent on the soaking duration; some concentrations yielded better results at a 4-hour soaking period compared to 8 hours, and vice versa for other concentrations. These findings, which align with several previous studies, suggest that Moringa oleifera leaf extract can be used as a natural biostimulant for cucumber seeds when applied at an optimal concentration and soaking duration, paving the way for its use as a natural agent to enhance crop germination and growth.