Dentists’ Perspectives on the Effectiveness of Restorative Materials in the Management of Dental Caries: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: The selection of restorative materials is a fundamental aspect of contemporary dental practice, influencing both clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. Dentists’ preferences are shaped by multiple factors, including esthetics, durability, and perceived postoperative complications such as sensitivity.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate dentists’ perspectives on the effectiveness of different restorative materials used in the treatment of dental caries, with particular emphasis on material preference, postoperative sensitivity, and factors influencing clinical decision-making.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 119 dentists using a structured electronic questionnaire distributed via social media platforms and Google Forms. The survey collected data on demographic characteristics, preferred restorative materials, perceived postoperative sensitivity, and factors influencing material selection. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were applied to assess associations between variables, with a p-value of < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: Composite resin was the most commonly preferred restorative material (60.5%), followed by glass ionomer cement (23.5%) and amalgam (16.0%). A considerable proportion of dentists reported that composite restorations were most frequently associated with postoperative sensitivity (52.1%). Esthetics was identified as the primary factor influencing material selection (65.5%), followed by durability and cost. A statistically significant association was found between years of clinical experience and material preference (p = 0.013), whereas no significant association was observed between specialty and material selection (p = 0.087).

Conclusion: Dentists predominantly prefer composite resin due to its superior esthetic properties; however, it is perceived to be associated with increased postoperative sensitivity. Material selection is influenced by clinical experience and patient-centered factors. These findings highlight the need for evidence-based decision-making and improved clinical training to optimize restorative outcomes and minimize postoperative complications.