Representations of the cypress tree in the artistic artifacts of the historical buildings in the old city of Tripoli: A study in symbolic connotations and decorative patterns through selected analytical models

Abstract

"The representations of the cypress tree in the artistic artifacts of the historical buildings in the old city of Tripoli constitute a decorative element of a symbolic and aesthetic nature, associated with spiritual and cultural connotations reflecting immortality, transcendence, and connection with nature. This study aims to uncover the hidden symbolic meanings of these representations and classify their decorative patterns in selected architectural elements such as wooden doors, domes, and façades, in light of the city's civilizational and historical origins. The study adopts an integrated descriptive-analytical approach combined with the symbolic method, by surveying archaeological sites and classifying artistic artifacts (wooden, plaster, ceramic) and their locations within the buildings. It concludes that the cypress tree was not merely a secondary decorative element, but rather represented multiple symbolic values such as immortality, renewal, purity, consolation, and spiritual symbolism. Its patterns varied between realistic and geometric abstraction, influenced by Islamic conquests as well as local and coastal traditions. The study recommends expanding comparisons with other Islamic cities and digitally documenting these representations to preserve intangible heritage.